They act as sensory and signaling hubs, translating external physical cues into intracellular biochemical signals that direct cell behavior, including adhesion, proliferation, and migration
Engineering strategies like heteroatom doping and surface functionalisation refine optical behaviour, enhance ROS generation, and enable targeted functionalities, broadening the application of CQDs
Nguyen BA, Alexander MR, Harrison DG
2.4 Gene Expression Modulation: Genomic studies (e.g., Pickart et al., 2012) reveal GHK-Cu resets over 4,000 genes to a youthful state, upregulating repair genes and downregulating inflammatory ones, a unique epigenetic effect
In-Vitro Research Models: This compound formulation is frequently used in non-clinical in-vitro studies involving metabolic and molecular pathway analysis
Frontiers in Pharmacology, 14 , Article 1226528